Pahalgam Terror Attack: The Indus Waters Treaty has come into the spotlight following the recent terrorist attack in Pahalgam, Jammu and Kashmir. In response, the Indian government has taken a strong stance against Pakistan, including a key decision to halt the Indus Water Treaty. This move is expected to have profound implications for Pakistan, which has historically benefited from this agreement.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi gave a befitting reply to Pakistan, indicating that the cessation of the Indus Agreement is a diplomatic strike that may lead to considerable water issues for Pakistan. To understand the context and details of the Indus Water Treaty, let's explore it further.
What is the Indus Water sTreaty?
The Indus Waters Treaty was established to address the water needs of both nations following the partition of India and Pakistan. Signed on September 19, 1960, by then Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and Pakistan President Ayub Khan, the treaty outlines the rules governing the use of water from six rivers: Beas, Ravi, Sutlej, Indus, Chenab, and Jhelum.
Under this agreement, Pakistan receives 80% of the water from three western rivers: Chenab, Jhelum, and Indus. Conversely, India is allocated 80% of the water from the eastern rivers: Sutlej, Beas, and Ravi.
Calls to End the Agreement
Since independence, India and Pakistan have engaged in multiple conflicts; however, this treaty has remained intact. The agreement stipulates that neither country can unilaterally terminate the treaty or alter its terms. Any changes would require mutual consent. Despite ongoing tensions and terrorist activities, India has upheld this agreement until now, following the Pahalgam attack.
Likely Consequences of Terminating the Agreement
The Indus Water Treaty was finalized after extensive mediation by the World Bank. Prior to its implementation, in April 1948, India had previously halted water flow from two major canals, which adversely affected 1.7 million acres of land in Pakistani Punjab. If India were to cease water flow from the rivers governed by this treaty, it could lead to major turmoil in Pakistan. However, Pakistan retains the right to appeal against India’s decision through the World Bank.
In conclusion, the situation surrounding the Indus Waters Treaty is complex and fraught with historical tensions. The potential cessation of this agreement could have far-reaching consequences for water security in the region.
Prakash Kumar Pandey