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27 Jan 2025

Concerns Rise Over Guillain-Barre Syndrome Cases in Pune: One Succumbs, 16 patients on ventilators


The increasing cases of Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) in Pune have raised alarms within the health department in Maharashtra. On January 26, the first reported death from GBS occurred in Pune, involving a patient from Solapur. 


In the past week alone, Maharashtra has seen 73 new cases of GBS, with Pune reporting 101 active cases, including 19 children under the age of nine. 


Deputy CM Announces Free Treatment


Recognizing the financial burden of GBS treatment, which can cost approximately Rs 20,000 per dose of immunoglobulin (IVIG) injection, Maharashtra Deputy CM Ajit Pawar has announced free treatment for affected patients. 


Those in the Pimpri-Chinchwad and Pune Municipal Corporation areas will receive care in designated hospitals, while rural patients will be treated at Sasoon Hospital. Additionally, water samples have revealed high levels of E. coli bacteria near the Khadakvasla dam, leading to public advisories to consume boiled water and fresh hot food.


16 patients in Pune on ventilators


Currently, 16 patients in Pune are on ventilators, primarily individuals aged between 50 and 80. Alarmingly, there is also a rise in GBS cases among children aged 9 to 19. Health officials emphasize the seriousness of the situation, urging both the public and health department to remain vigilant.


Surveys conducted


To address the growing concern, health authorities have conducted surveys of 25,578 homes in Pune and have sent biological samples to the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the National Institute of Virology (NIV) for further testing. Experts stress the need for awareness and prompt action to mitigate the situation, as the rapid increase in GBS cases is particularly alarming.


High levels of E. coli bacteria  confirmed


Following the rise in GBS cases, hospitals in Pune have analyzed biological samples, confirming the presence of Campylobacter Jejuni, a bacteria responsible for one-third of GBS cases. Investigations into local water sources have identified high levels of E. coli bacteria, prompting health officials to recommend drinking boiled water and consuming fresh food.


Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is a rare autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks the peripheral nerves, disrupting the transmission of signals from the brain to the muscles. This condition often follows a bacterial or viral infection. Symptoms may start with tingling and weakness in the extremities, potentially progressing to muscle control loss and breathing difficulties.


Symptoms of GBS


Initial symptoms of GBS can be mild, such as tingling and weakness in the hands or feet. However, if the condition worsens, it can lead to significant muscle weakness and respiratory issues. Medical professionals advise immediate consultation upon noticing early symptoms, as delaying treatment can have serious consequences.


Treatment Options 


Currently, there is no definitive cure for GBS, but treatments such as immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy and plasma exchange (plasmapheresis) can help manage symptoms. The high cost of these treatments poses challenges, particularly for patients from economically disadvantaged backgrounds.


Preventive Measures 


Timely treatment is crucial for GBS cases, especially for those requiring ventilator support. With 16 patients currently on ventilators in Pune, prevention is key. The public is urged to maintain hygiene concerning food and water, as contaminated sources can facilitate the spread of bacteria like Campylobacter jejuni. Ensuring clean and hygienic food practices is essential in reducing the risk of GBS.

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